Improvement in air-heating furnaces



l. M. WILSUN. Air-HeatingwFurnaces.

VVTNESSE3= INVENTOR;

PATENT rrroa.v

JOHN M. WILSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN AIR-HEATING FuRNAcEs.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 142,363, dated S'eptember 2, 1873; application iiled 2 May 24, 1873.

To all whom it may conce/ra:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. WILSON, of the city of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Air- Heating Furnaces, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to that class of airheating furnaces which are inclosed within a permanent brick-walled chamber in the basement or cellar of a building; and consists in greatly increasing the heat-radiating surface of the inclosed heater, without increasing the size of the combined heating-chamber and firebox, by the arrangement of separate or distinct and independent fresh-air entrances to the air-heating flues of the furnace, and the heating-radiating external surface of the latter, the object being to eoonomize the space required for an effective heater without diminishing the effectiveness of the same-an advantage of very great importance in buildings having insufficient room in the basement or cellar for an adequate air-heating furnace. Another part of my invention relates to the combined arrangement of a deiiecting-plate over and above the upper edge of each ofthe two side fire-bricks or lining of the fuel-box of the furnace, and a series of vertical grooves made in the outer side of said lining-bricks, so as to cause the currents of air required to produce the combustion of the carbonicoxide gas generated in the fire-chamber in the` usual manner to enter from the hot-air-distributing chamber at the bottom edge of the said bricks upward, through the vertical grooves and the horizontal outlet-holes leading from the upper ends of the grooves, into the spaces between the upper edges, respectively, of the said deilecting-plates and the respective upper edges of the said side bricks, and finally be discharged therefrom over the surface of the ignited fuel, which surface will be about three inches, more or less, below the upper' edges of said bricks or lining of the fuel-box. The object of this part of my invention, besides the combustion of the carbonio-oxide gas, is to preserve the said series of grooves from becoming choked up or stopped by the ashes or dust which necessarily arises in raking or shaking the grate, and in cleanlng out vthe fire-box or ashpit below it.4

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinalcentral section of an air-heating furnace embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of the same on the right-hand side of the dotted line fu w of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section, on the left-hand sido of the dotted linea y of Fig. l.

The dotted surrounding lines z z a z indicate the usual inclosure of brick.

The air-chamber A is produced by the construction of a partition-plate, B, which divides the fire-chamber G from it, so that the air in either cannot enter and commingle with the air in the other.` The top of the two chambers A and Gis arched transversely, and just above the. imaginary chord ofthe arch. A series of ve pipes are secured longitudinally through the chamber C, so as to produce air-dues 'D D D D D, leading through the chamber C into the hot-air-distributing chamber E, which is the space formed between the interior furnace and the inclosing brick walls Z Z. Fresh cool air enters the chamber A through the two side openings a a in the base wall and bottom of the chamber, (see Figs. 1 and 2,) and, passing upwardthrough chamber A and through the five pipes D D, is discharged in a heated condition into the rear part of the distributingchamber E, while the .fresh air to be heated by the radiation from the iron plates which inclose the fuel-box and combustion-chamber (l enters through the two side openings e e in the base wall and bottom of said chamber, (see Figs. 1 and 3,) and, passing upward and around, mingles with the heated air from the pipes D D, and thus passes out through the distributing-pipe Z in the top of the inclosing brick walls. (See Fig. l.) The air for supporting the combustion of the fuel upon the grate enters from the poke-hole F, and through the ash-pit and grate, or from either; and the fuel is introduced through the opening Gr for the fire-door, these two .openings F and G being tunnels through the fresh-air chamberA, which allow ample space right and left for the upward passage of the fresh air through the said chamber A 5 and the smoke and unconsumed gases of combustion escape to the chimney through the iiue cu at the top of the combus tion-chamber and inclosing-wall'Z, in the usual woll-known manner. The two side fire-bricks H H have a series each of vertical grooves, h h h it', extending from near the bottom edge to the top edge, in that side of the brick which comes into contact with the covering-plates or shell of the fire-chamber G, thus forming together the series of air-channels which respectively receive fresh air from the bottom of the air-distributing chamberE through the small holes e" e, and discharge the same over the surface of the fuel through the space e" beneath the deflecting-plate c. The delecting-plates c project a little beyond the inside edges of the tops of the two respective bricks H H, and thus also prevent any ashes or dust from falling into the said air-channels 11/ h', (see Fig. 3,) and the dotted lines indicating the tubes and thin mouths in Fig. l.

The radiating-surface afforded by the five pipes D is nearly equal to the radiatingsurface of the shell of the fire-chamber C, and, being in the upper space of chamber C, the increased heating function of the furnace is nearly doubled thereby without causing any enlargement of the dimensions of the old style of constructing them to admit of the said pipes D D; and the air-channels h h', taking in the air from the chamber E and discharging under the delecting-plate e", will be'free from any ashes arising from raking the fire or from the ash-pit, and will not be liable, in consequence of the protective position of the deecting-plate c, to become choked at their upper ends by any deposit of ashes whatever.

I claim as my inventionl. The openings a a through the base wall of the furnace, for the purpose of supplying the fresh air to the chamber A. and the pipes D D separately and distinctly from the opening for supplying fresh air to the chamber E, which is heated by the iron plates which inclose the fuel-box and the combustionchamber G, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth and described.

2. The deiiecting-plates c", the open spaces c between c and the upper edges of the side re-bricks H H, the channels h h communieatin g at their respective upper ends with the said spaces e 6"', and at their lower ends with the lower part of the chamber E through the openings c", all constructed and arranged to operate as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth and described.

JOHN M. WILSON.

Witnesses:

BENJ. MORIsoN,

WM. H. MoRrsoN. 

